Phone Number
+91 96243 21308
Phone Number
+91 96243 21308

Transvaginal Ultrasound Scan

Transvaginal Sonography (TVS) for Female Infertility Diagnosis

A Transvaginal Sonography (TVS), also known as a transvaginal ultrasound, is a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create detailed images of the female reproductive organs. This minimally invasive examination helps doctors evaluate the health and structure of the pelvic organs and plays a crucial role in diagnosing infertility and monitoring fertility treatments.

The procedure allows detailed visualization of the uterus, ovaries, cervix, fallopian tubes, vagina, bladder, and surrounding pelvic structures. It helps identify abnormalities that may affect a woman’s ability to conceive and assists fertility specialists in planning appropriate treatment.

A transvaginal ultrasound is commonly recommended to investigate the underlying causes of infertility and assess overall reproductive health. It can help diagnose a variety of conditions, including:
  • Structural abnormalities of the uterus or ovaries
  • Uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, and benign pelvic tumors
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding or chronic pelvic pain
  • Endometrial abnormalities
  • Ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the uterus)
  • Reproductive organ cancers involving the uterus, ovaries, or bladder
  • Location and position of an intrauterine device (IUD)

In fertility treatments, TVS is also widely used for:

  • Follicular monitoring during IUI and IVF cycles
  • Assessment of ovarian reserve and follicle development
  • Monitoring response to fertility medications
  • Guiding egg retrieval procedures during IVF
  • Early pregnancy monitoring and fetal growth assessment

Preparation requirements may vary depending on the reason for the scan. Your doctor will provide specific instructions before the procedure.

  • Wear loose and comfortable clothing.
  • You may be asked to change into a hospital gown before the examination.
  • Your bladder may need to be partially full or completely empty depending on the purpose of the scan.
  • If a full bladder is required, you may be instructed to drink water approximately one hour before the examination.
  • Fasting is generally not necessary, but always follow your doctor’s recommendations.
  • Remove jewelry, watches, or metal accessories that could interfere with the examination.

During the procedure, you will be asked to lie comfortably on an examination table with your knees bent and feet supported.

  • The ultrasound probe (transducer) is covered with a protective sheath and lubricating gel.
  • The transducer is gently inserted into the vagina.
  • You may experience mild pressure or slight discomfort, but the procedure is generally not painful.
  • The probe emits sound waves that create real-time images of the pelvic organs.
  • The technician or doctor may adjust the probe’s position to obtain clearer images of specific structures.

In certain cases, a Saline Infusion Sonography (SIS) may be performed. This specialized procedure involves introducing sterile saline into the uterine cavity before scanning to provide better visualization of the uterine lining and detect abnormalities more accurately.

For IVF patients, transvaginal ultrasound is also used during egg retrieval procedures. A thin needle attached to the ultrasound probe is guided into the ovarian follicles to collect mature eggs.

The results of a transvaginal ultrasound are typically available shortly after the examination. A radiologist reviews the images and provides a report to your fertility specialist or gynecologist. The scan can help identify:
  • Uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts
  • Pelvic infections and inflammatory conditions
  • Pregnancy and early pregnancy complications
  • Miscarriage-related findings
  • Size, shape, and position of the uterus and ovaries
  • Endometrial thickness and uterine lining abnormalities
  • Blood flow to pelvic organs and ovarian follicles
  • Changes in bladder structure
  • Cervical length and thickness
  • Congenital uterine abnormalities
  • Follicular growth and ovulation monitoring during fertility treatment
  • Follicular fluid aspiration and egg retrieval for IVF procedures

Benefits of TVS in Fertility Treatment

  • Provides detailed images of reproductive organs.
  • Helps identify causes of infertility.
  • Monitors ovarian follicles and ovulation.
  • Assists in planning fertility treatments.
  • Guides egg retrieval during IVF cycles.
  • Allows early detection of pelvic abnormalities.
  • Safe, quick, and minimally invasive procedure.

Transvaginal Sonography (TVS) is an essential diagnostic tool in female infertility evaluation and fertility treatment. It provides detailed information about the uterus, ovaries, follicles, and other pelvic structures, helping doctors diagnose reproductive disorders and monitor treatment progress effectively.

Whether used for infertility investigations, follicular monitoring, IVF procedures, or routine gynecological assessments, TVS remains one of the most valuable and widely used imaging techniques in reproductive medicine.